Like any other bone, the spine can also be the seat of infections pyogenic or tubercular. Spinal tuberculosis is the most common site of bony tuberculosis. Several vertebrae can be rapidly destroyed leading to a collapse of the bony structure and an unsightly 'Hunch Back' deformity. Children are especially more prone for developing the deformity as the deformity can continue to progress even after the disease has been cured. This can subsequently lead to severe compression and stretching of the spinal cord with resultant paralysis of both the lower limbs.

In the early stages of the disease, use of antitubercular drugs is sufficient for complete cure. However, in severe cases and in patients who have weakness or paralysis of legs, surgical decompression of the spinal cord along with medication becomes an important consideration. Surgery removes the pressure effect on spinal cord, prevents progressive deformity and gives good relief of pain. Implants made of specialized metals and bone grafts are used stabilize the spine while the healing process ensues.